Justice and Rule: Ethics, Law, and Sovereignty in Antiquity by Jeremy Riley explores the complex interplay between justice, legal systems, and political authority in the ancient world. Drawing upon the rich traditions of Greece, Rome, and the broader Mediterranean, this book delves into how various ancient civilizations understood and applied justice, shaped by their philosophical, religious, and cultural beliefs. Riley examines how figures like Socrates, Aristotle, and Cicero influenced concepts of law and justice, blending moral philosophy with the practicalities of governance. Through a careful analysis of primary texts and historical context, the book uncovers the evolution of justice from divine laws and codes of conduct, such as the Code of Hammurabi, to the emergence of secular legal systems and the development of natural law. It also looks at the ways sovereignty was understood in antiquity, and how rulers justified their authority, whether through divine mandate or by the principles of rational governance. This scholarly work weaves together legal history, philosophy, and political theory to shed light on how ancient societies grappled with the notions of fairness, moral responsibility, and governance—ideas that continue to influence modern conceptions of law and justice.