Types of Caves Caves are diverse geological formations that vary significantly in structure, size, and environment. Understanding the different types of caves is crucial for survival, especially when spending the night in one. The primary categories of caves include limestone caves, volcanic caves, sea caves, and ice caves. Each type presents unique characteristics and challenges that can impact your survival strategy. Familiarizing yourself with these distinctions can aid in choosing a suitable cave for shelter and preparing for the conditions you may face.