The flagship publication of the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR), the Baseball Research Journal is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed publication presenting the best in SABR member research on baseball. History, biography, economics, physics, psychology, game theory, sociology and culture, records, and many other disciplines are represented to expand our knowledge of baseball as it is, was, and could be played. The Spring 2019 Baseball Research Journal includes a multitude of articles that study a diverse array of baseball-related subjects, including: PEOPLE AND PAST ERAS Sweet!: 16-Year-Old Players in Major League History by Chuck Hildebrandt Playing with the Boys: Gender, Race, and Baseball in Postwar America by A.J. Richard All The Duckys In A Row: In Search of the Real Ducky Holmes by Joan Wendl Thomas An Ever-Changing Story: Exposition and Analysis of Shoeless Joe Jackson's Public Statements on the Black Sox Scandal by Bill Lamb ANALYSIS An Examination of MLB Play Call Challenges by Anne C. Marx Scheuerell and David B. Marx File and Trial: Examining Valuation and Hearings in MLB Arbitration by Navneet S. Vishwanathan Team Batting Average: A Comprehensive Analysis by Douglas Jordan and David Macias World Series Game Situation Winning Probabilities: Follow-Up by Douglas Jordan American League or National League: Who Owns New York City? By Dusty Turner and Gabriel Costa TURN OF THE CENTURY Philadelphia in the 1881 Eastern Championship Association by Robert D. Warrington Barney Dreyfuss Buys Pittsburgh by Bob Bailey How Many Hits Did Ty Cobb Make in His Career? What Is His Lifetime Batting Average? by Herm Krabbenhoft Hits in Consecutive At-Bats: Investigating the Nineteenth Century by Brian Marshall CHADWICK HONOREES Allan Roth by Andy McCue Leonard Koppett by Dan Levitt Rob Neyer by Mark Armour