The Oxford Handbook of Banking (4th edition) provides an overview and analysis of developments and research in banking written by leading researchers in the field. This handbook will appeal to graduate students of economics, banking and finance, academics, practitioners, regulators, and policy makers. Consequently, the handbook strikes a balance between abstract theory, empirical analysis, and practitioner and policy-related material. This handbook is a one-stop source of relevant research in banking. It examines: the fundamentals of banking; traditional and new challenges to the banking model; models for banking services delivery; regulatory and policy perspectives; and global, regional and country perspectives on banking This fourth edition comprises new chapters and material, including banks and financial markets in a digital age, FinTech and BigTechs, financial literacy, financial inclusion, sustainable banking, stress testing and macroprudential regulation.